Research Article

Antidiabetic Effect of Coffea arabica Stem Extract in Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both, andremains a significant global health challenge affecting over 500 million people worldwide. Conventional antidiabetic therapies, though clinically effective, are often limited by high cost, side effects, and long-term organ toxicity, necessitating the search for safer plant-based alternatives. Aim: To evaluate the antidiabetic potential of Coffea arabica stem extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Method: 25 healthy male Wistar rats (150–200 g) were divided into five groups (n = 5): normal control, diabetic control, diabetic + extract (200 mg/kg), diabetic + extract (400 mg/kg), and diabetic + glibenclamide (5 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (150 mg/kg body weight). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and body weight were measured on Days 0, 7, and 14. Results: Treatment with the extract produced a significant, dose-dependent reduction in FBG levels. By Day14, the 400 mg/kg group showed approximately 61% reduction in blood glucose, comparable to the glibenclamide group(∼ 64%). Treated rats also showed progressive improvement in body weight compared to diabetic controls. Conclusion: These findings indicate that Coffea arabica stem extract exerts significant antihyperglycemic effects, supporting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent for diabetes management.

Authors affiliation:

Chinyere Osondu-Anyanwu: Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Calabar, Cross River, Nigeria.
Ernest Chibuike Ohanu: Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, Cross River, Nigeria.
Imaobong Bassey Udoh: Department of Applied Behavior Analysis, Hopebridge Autism Therapy Centres, Georgia 30040, USA.
Juliet Osaremen Amedu: Department of Pharmacology, Basic Clinical Sciences, Pamo University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

How to Cite: C. Osondu-Anyanwu, E. C. Ohanu, I. B. Udoh and J. O. Amedu. Antidiabetic Effect of Coffea arabica Stem Extract in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats. Journal of Biomedicine and Biosensors, 6(3):37–40, 2026. https://doi.org/10.58613/jbb634