Research Article

Phytochemical Profiling (GC-MS) and Hematological modulating effects of Ethanol Leave Extract of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis in Wistar rats

Abstract

Background: The extract of the leaves of E. camaldulensis has been used for centuries in traditional medicine, its leaves and essential oils have found various application in everyday life due to their antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. Aim: This study evaluates phytochemical profiling (GC-MS) and the effect of ethanol leaf extract of E. camaldulensis on some haematology parameters (white blood cell, red blood cell, MCV, haemoglobin, packed cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, red blood cell distribution, platelets) of wistar rats. Methods: Forty-two wistar rats weighing 100g-280g were randomly divided into six groups (A-F), with seven rats per group. Normal control (group A) was administered (orally) distilled water, DMSO and feed, group B to F was administered (orally) 150mg/kg body weight, 250mg/kg body weight, 350mg/kg body weight, 450mg/kg body weight and 550mg/kg body weight respectively. Extraction of the plant was done using 90% ethanol and soxhlet apparatus. All biochemical analysis were carried out using standard laboratory techniques. This experiment lasted for 21 days. Results: The findings demonstrated that the E. camaldulensis extract significantly altered the packed cell volume (PCV) of the administered groups in  comparison to the normal control group at a significance level of (P < 0.05). In contrast to the control group, the administered group’s white blood cell count (WBC) did not significantly rise (P < 0.05). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids,saponins,terpenoids, catecholic tanninsn, carbohyrades, glycosides, fats and oils in E. camaldulensis leaf extract. The plant extract’s GC-MS examination revealed that it contains compounds like 1HCycloprop[e]azulene, decahydro, 1,2 Benzenedicarboxylicacid, mono, 9-Octadecenoicacid, methylester, 7-Hexadecenal,(Z)-, 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylicacid, 2-eth etc. Conclusion: E. camaldulensis includes phytochemicals that may be utilised as pharmacological probes, and it also increases blood volume and may be used to treat anaemia in patients.